A margin call occurs when the equity in a trader’s account falls below the required margin level set by the broker. This situation typically arises when the value of the securities in the account decreases significantly, leading to insufficient collateral to support open positions. At this point, the broker may request that the trader either deposit additional funds into the account or close some positions to reduce leverage and restore compliance with margin requirements.
Failure to meet a margin call can result in the broker liquidating positions to bring the account back into balance, potentially at a loss to the trader. Margin calls are an important aspect of margin trading, as they serve to mitigate the risk of default and ensure that both the trader and the broker maintain necessary levels of collateral.